'If' is a word that is often used to introduce conditional sentences. It's not the only way though. In 90 seconds Dan demonstrates five different expressions that have the same or similar meaning to 'if'. Summary
As long as = Only if
As long as we go somewhere hot.
Suppose + question clause = How about if ...Note: Use this when making a suggestion.
Suppose we go to America, will that be hot enough?
Unless = If ... not
Unless I get the time off work, I won't be able to go.
Providing/provided = IfNote: Provided is more formal than providing but has the same meaning.
Providing I get the time off work, I'll go.
On the condition that =If
Note: this is very formal and mostly used in writing.
On the condition that you pay me extra, I'll work over the holiday.
Image copyrightREUTERSImage captionThere are 11 candidates to choose from and this election is the most unpredictable in years
The world is watching to see if France becomes the next major country to challenge liberal values and the political establishment.
Two of the four candidates leading in the polls occupy the political extremes - the far-right Marine Le Pen and hard-left Jean-Luc Mélenchon.
The victory of either would place a question mark over France's continued membership of the EU in its present form. Were it to leave, could the EU survive the exit of one of its founding fathers?
And Thursday's fatal assault on a policeman by a Paris gunman - just the latest in a spate of attacks that has plagued the country - has only heightened the febrile atmosphere.
After the Brexit vote in the UK and election of US President Donald Trump, could France be the next nation to deal a blow to politics as usual?
What is new about this election?
The unpopular President François Hollande, a Socialist, is not seeking a second term - the first French president to opt out in modern history.
There are 11 candidates and the race is wide open. None looks likely to win more than 50% in the first round of voting on 23 April, so a run-off on 7 May seems assured.
French politics has historically been dominated by parties of the left and centre-right, but this model could be shattered this time around.
The Socialist candidate, Benoît Hamon, is seen as out of the running. His conservative rival, Republicans' candidate François Fillon, has had to battle to stay in the race after he was plunged into a judicial inquiry over "fake jobs".
Who could win?
If you believe the opinion polls there are two front-runners, far-right National Front leader Ms Le Pen and centrist Emmanuel Macron.
Ms Le Pen took over the leadership of the FN from her father in 2011 and has worked hard to "detoxify" the party from its extreme past.
Image copyrightGETTY IMAGESImage captionThere are five main candidates: (L-R) Francois Fillon, Benoît Hamon, Marine Le Pen, Emmanuel Macron and Jean-Luc Mélenchon
Mr Macron, a 39-year-old ex-investment banker, was economy minister under President Hollande but resigned in 2016 to fight for the presidency as head of his En Marche! (On the move) party. Not only has he never been an MP - he has never stood for election.
The early favourite was Mr Fillon, but his hopes were dented by allegations that he paid his wife public money for work she did not do. He is now under formal investigation, blaming a political conspiracy, but he is not out of the race and his team is still confident of making the second round.
Image copyrightAFPImage captionMs Le Pen and the other candidates made an obligatory appearance at the Paris Agricultural Fair
A surprise package in the election is far-left stalwart Mr Mélenchon, whose witty charisma has attracted new supporters.
What are the issues?
One of the overriding issues facing French voters is unemployment, which stands at almost 10% and is the eighth highest among the 28 EU member states. One in four under-25s is unemployed.
The French economy has made a slow recovery from the 2008 financial crisis and all the leading candidates say deep changes are needed.
Is the Fillon payment affair fake news?
That's what an investigating judge is hoping to find out.
Satirical weekly Le Canard Enchainé says his wife Penelope was paid €831,400 (£710,000; $900,000) for work as a parliamentary assistant that she did not carry out. One report suggested she did not even have a parliamentary pass or a work email.
Image captionLe Canard Enchainé has made a series of allegations about the Fillon family's earnings
She is also said to have pocketed €100,000 for writing just a handful of articles for a literary review owned by a billionaire friend of the family.
Mr Fillon insists everything was above board and says the investigation against him is a "political assassination" designed to deny French voters the choice of a centre-right candidate.
What makes the National Front far-right?
Ms Le Pen is fighting to appeal to the centre and left of French politics after working to move the party away from the image of her father, who has been repeatedly convicted for hate speech and describing the Holocaust as a "detail of history".
Media captionWhy people are voting for Marine Le Pen
But she still has a far-right platform. She wants to allocate public services to French citizens ahead of foreigners and has vowed to suspend all legal immigration.
The FN also has close ties with other European parties such as Austria's far-right Freedom Party that mainstream right-wing parties want nothing to do with.
Easter, which celebrates Jesus Christ’s resurrection from the dead, is Christianity’s most important holiday. It has been called a moveable feast because it doesn’t fall on a set date every year, as most holidays do. Instead, Christian churches in the West celebrate Easter on the first Sunday following the full moon after the vernal equinox on March 21. Therefore, Easter is observed anywhere between March 22 and April 25 every year. Orthodox Christians use the Julian calendar to calculate when Easter will occur and typically celebrate the holiday a week or two after the Western churches, which follow the Gregorian calendar
The Leonardo Torres Quevedo school takes part in the campaign "Team Erasmus" as part of the activities of the cultural week 2017.
The Cantabria Government, through the European Affairs Department, is developing a training activity in at several secondary schools in order to show the Bachillerato students the different possibilities and opportunities offered by the Erasmus mobility programme.
Try to imagine life without antibiotics. We wouldn’t live nearly as long as we do without them. Here’s a look at some discoveries that have changed the world. It’s impossible to rank their importance, so they’re listed in the order they were discovered.
Gravity
Isaac Newton, an English mathematician and physicist, is considered the greatest scientist of all time. Among his many discoveries, the most important is probably his law of universal gravitation. In 1664, Newton figured out that gravity is the force that draws objects toward each other. It explained why things fall down and why the planets orbit around the Sun.
Electricity
If electricity makes life easier for us, you can thank Michael Faraday. He made two big discoveries that changed our lives. In 1821, he discovered that when a wire carrying an electric current is placed next to a single magnetic pole, the wire will rotate. This led to the development of the electric motor. Ten years later, he became the first person to produce an electric current by moving a wire through a magnetic field. Faraday's experiment created the first generator, the forerunner of the huge generators that produce our electricity.
Evolution
When Charles Darwin, the British naturalist, came up with the theory of evolution in 1859, he changed our idea of how life on earth developed. Darwin argued that all organisms evolve, or change, very slowly over time. These changes are adaptations that allow a species to survive in its environment. These adaptations happen by chance. If a species doesn't adapt, it may become extinct. He called this process natural selection, but it is often called the survival of the fittest.
Theory of Relativity
Albert Einstein’s theory of special relativity, which he published in 1905, explains the relationships between speed, time and distance. The complicated theory states that the speed of light always remains the same—186,000 miles/second (300,000 km/second) regardless of how fast someone or something is moving toward or away from it. This theory became the foundation for much of modern science.
The Big Bang Theory
Nobody knows exactly how the universe came into existence, but many scientists believe that it happened about 13.7 billion years ago with a massive explosion, called the Big Bang. In 1927, Georges Lemaître proposed the Big Bang theory of the universe. The theory says that all the matter in the universe was originally compressed into a tiny dot. In a fraction of a second, the dot expanded, and all the matter instantly filled what is now our universe. The event marked the beginning of time. Scientific observations seem to confirm the theory.
Penicillin
Antibiotics are powerful drugs that kill dangerous bacteria in our bodies that make us sick. In 1928, Alexander Fleming discovered the first antibiotic, penicillin, which he grew in his lab using mold and fungi. Without antibiotics, infections like strep throat could be deadly.
DNA
On February 28, 1953, James Watson of the United States andFrancis Crick of England made one of the greatest scientific discoveries in history. The two scientists found the double-helix structure of DNA. It’s made up of two strands that twist around each other and have an almost endless variety of chemical patterns that create instructions for the human body to follow. Our genes are made of DNA and determine how things like what color hair and eyes we’ll have. In 1962, they were awarded the Nobel Prize for this work. The discovery has helped doctors understand diseases and may someday prevent some illnesses like heart disease and cancer.
X-Rays
Wilhelm Roentgen, a German physicist, discovered X-rays in 1895. X-rays go right through some substances, like flesh and wood, but are stopped by others, such as bones and lead. This allows them to be used to see broken bones or explosives inside suitcases, which makes them useful for doctors and security officers. For this discovery, Roentgen was awarded the first-ever Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901.
HIV/AIDS
In 1983 and 1984, Luc Montagnier of France and Robert Gallo of the United States discovered the HIV virus and determined that it was the cause of AIDS. Scientists have since developed tests to determine if a person has HIV. People who test positive are urged to take precautions to prevent the spread of the disease. Drugs are available to keep HIV and AIDS under control. The hope is that further research will lead to the development of a cure.
